1557.73 
Gr-2 
c .  3 


/ 


STATE  OF  ILLINOIS 

DEPARTMENT  OF  REGISTRATION  AND  EDUCATION 

A.  M.  SHELTON.  Director 

DIVISION  OF  THE 

STATE  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 

M.  M.  LEIGHTON.  Chief 


REPORT  OF  INVESTIGATIONS  NO.  2 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  NORTHEASTERN 
WILLIAMSON  AND  WESTERN 
SALINE  COUNTIES 

BY 

GILBERT  H.  CADY 

IN  COOPERATION  WITH  U.  S.  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 


PRINTED  BY  AUTHORITY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS 


URBANA,  ILLINOIS 
1925 


if 


(sO 


\ 


DATE  DUE 

3t?ty 

b  1395  L 

IS 

GAYLORD 

PRINTED  IN  U  S  A. 

STATE  OF  ILLINOIS 

DEPARTMENT  OF  REGISTRATION  AND  EDUCATION 

A/M.  SHELTON,  Director 

DIVISION  OF  THE 

STATE  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 

M.  M.  LEIGHTON.  Chief 


REPORT  OF  INVESTIGATIONS  NO.  2 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  NORTHEASTERN 
WILLIAMSON  AND  WESTERN 
SALINE  COUNTIES 

BY 

GILBERT  H.  CADY 

IN  COOPERATION  WITH  U.  S.  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 


PRINTED  BY  AUTHORITY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS 


URBANA,  ILLINOIS 
1925 


ILLINOIS  STATE  LIBRARY 


JEFFERSONS  PRINTING  CO.  SPRINGFIELD,  ILLINOIS 

1925 

25215-2000 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  NORTHEASTERN 
WILLIAMSON  AND  WESTERN 
SALINE  COUNTIES 

I3y  Gilbert  H.  Cady 


OUTLINE  Page 

Introduction  .  5 

Importance  of  the  area .  5 

General  statement  of  results  of  investigation .  6 

Regional  geology  .  6 

Stratigraphic  succession  .  6 

Structure  .  7 

Geology  of  the  local  area .  7 

Surficial  geology  .  7 

Bed  rock  .  8 

Structure  .  9 

Description  of  the  structural  map .  9 

Method  of  showing  the  altitude  of  No.  6  coal .  II 

Principal  structural  features  .  11 

Method  of  showing  variation  in  the  thickness  of  coal .  11 

Plate  ILLUSTRATIONS 

I.  Structural  map  of  parts  of  northeastern  Williamson  and  western 
Saline  counties,  showing  contours  on  No.  5  coal  and  the  inter¬ 
val  between  No.  5  and  No.  6  coals . In  pocket 


II.  A.  Graphic  section  of  strata  encountered  in  a  number  of  diamond 
drill  borings  in  the  area.  B.  Index  map  upon  which  the 
thicknesses  of  and  interval  between  Nos.  5  and  6  coals  are 
indicated  . In  pocket 

III.  Property  map  of  the  area  showing  the  location  of  the  drill  holes 

with  reference  to  ownership  of  land  at  the  time  of  drilling.  In  pocket 


Figure 

1.  Index  map  showing  location  of  area  covered  by  report .  5 

2.  Photograph  of  specimens  of  Gertyina  ventricosa .  9 

TABLE 

1.  Tabulated  data  on  the  No.  5  and  No.  6  coals 

3 


13 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2018  with  funding  from 
University  of  Illinois  Urbana-Champaign 


https://archive.org/details/structureofpartsOOcady 


INTRODUCTION 

The  purpose  of  this  report  is  to  discuss  the  special  structural  features 
which  materially  affect  the  value  of  the  coal  deposits  in  portions  of 
northeastern  Williamson  and  western  Saline  counties.  The  location  of 
this  area  is  shown  in  figure  1.  This  report  is  not  designed  to  present  the 
details  of  the  stratigraphy  of  the  area  nor  to  describe  the  mineral  re¬ 
sources.  A  forthcoming  report  to  be  published  as  a  folio  of  the  Geologi¬ 
cal  Atlas  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey  involving  a  larger  area,  the 
Galatia  and  West  Frankfort  quadrangles,  will  contain  descriptive  data 
in  regard  to  the  geological  succession  and  the  mineral  resources.  The 
coal  beds  and  associated  rocks  have  already  been  described  in  bulletins 
of  the  Illinois  Coal  Mining  Investigations.1  2 


Fig-.  1.  Index  map  of  southern  Illinois  showing  location  of  area  covered  by  the  report. 

IMPORTANCE  OF  THE  AREA 

The  area  herein  reported  upon  is  about  midway  between  the  main 
Williamson  County  mining  district  lying  between  Herrin  and  Marion,  and 
the  Harrisburg  district  of  Saline  County.  Development  is  encroaching 

1  Cady,  G.  H.,  Coal  resources  of  District  VI:  Ill.  Mining-  Investigations  Bull.  15,  1916. 

2  Cady,  G.  H.,  Coal  resources  of  District  V:  Ill.  Mining-  Investigations  Bull.  19,  1919. 


5 


6 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  WILLIAMSON  AND  SALINE  COUNTIES 


upon  the  area  and  already  three  mining  operations  are  located  within  its 
boundaries.  Further  interest  attaches  to  the  area  in  that  the  line  of  the 
Illinois  Central  cut-off  through  southern  Illinois  is  reported  to  be  pro¬ 
jected  across  it.  Two  beds  of  workable  coal  are  known  to  underlie  the 
area;  one  other  workable  bed  is  probably  present  and  possibly  a  fourth. 
On  the  conservative  assumption  of  an  average  thickness  of  five  feet  for 
both  No.  5  and  No.  6  coals,  the  total  amount  of  coal  in  the  beds  within 
this  area  amounts  to  about  675,000,000  tons.  It  is  not  improbable  that 
there  is  at  least  one-third  as  much  more  coal  present  in  lower  beds,  par¬ 
ticularly  in  the  No.  2  bed. 

GENERAL  STATEMENT  OF  RESULTS  OF 
THE  INVESTIGATION 

1.  The  formations  of  the  area  are  variously  inclined  and  flexed, 
resulting  in  a  considerable  variation  of  level  at  which  the  coal  beds  may 
be  encountered  in  drilling  or  sinking  shafts. 

2.  Remarkable  displacements  or  faults  occur  along  certain  lines  or 
zones  which  produce  offsets  that  must  be  taken  into  account  in  correlat¬ 
ing  the  coal  beds  and  in  plans  for  the  recovery  of  the  coal. 

3.  The  interval  between  Nos.  5  and  6  coals  increases  eastward  from 
80  feet  in  the  western  part  to  130  feet  in  about  the  middle  part  of  the  east 
half,  east  of  which  the  interval  slightly  decreases. 

4.  Variations  in  the  thickness  of  No.  5  coal  correspond  with  the 
variations  in  the  interval  between  No.  5  and  No.  6  coal.  That  is,  No.  5 
coal  thickens;  eastward  to  about  the  middle  of  the  east  half  of  the  area, 
east  of  which  it  is  somewhat  thinner.  There  is  no  regularity  in  the  varia¬ 
tions  of  No.  6  coal. 


REGIONAL  GEOLOGY 

STRATIGRAPHIC  SUCCESSION 

The  region  lies  a  few  miles  north  of  the  southern  border  of  the 
Illinois  coal  basin.  Southward  toward  this  border,  because  of  the  gen¬ 
eral  northward  dip  of  the  strata,  successively  older  and  older  series  of 
rocks  or  formations  belonging  to  the  Pennsylvanian  system  or  “Coal 
Measures”  outcrop  in  belts  running  parallel  to  the  edge  of  the  basin. 
The  upper  and  hence  innermost  formation  of  the  Pennsylvanian  system 
is  the  McLeansboro  formation,  which  includes  all  Pennsylvanian  strata 
above  the  top  of  No.  6  or  Herrin  (Blue-band)  coal.  Underlying  the  Mc¬ 
Leansboro  formation  and  forming  an  intermediate  belt  of  outcropping 
rocks  is  the  Carbondale  formation  which  includes  all  strata  from  the  top 
of  No.  6  coal  to  the  base  of  No.  2  or  Murphysboro  coal.  Within  this  for¬ 
mation  is  also  No.  5  or  Harrisburg  coal.  The  lowermost  portion  of  the 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  WILLIAMSON  AND  SALINE  COUNTIES 


7 


Pennsylvanian  outcrops  at  the  border  of  the  coal  basin  and  includes  all 
Pennsylvanian  strata  below  No.  2  coal.  These  strata  constitute  the  Potts- 
ville  formation.  The  resistance  to  erosion  of  several  Pottsville  sandstone 
beds  outcropping  in  southern  Illinois  is  largely  responsible  for  the  relief 
of  the  belt  of  elevated  country  known  as  “The  Mountains’  which  lies 
within  view  a  few  miles  to  the  south. 

STRUCTURE 

These  strata  are  all  characterized  by  the  gentle  northward  dip  toward 
the  center  of  the  Illinois  Coal  Basin  which  lies  fifty  miles  or  more  to  the 
north.  Here  and  there,  however,  are  found  local  interruptions  of  this 
northward  dip  where  the  strata  lie  horizontally  or  are  locally  inclined 
more  steeply  in  other  directions  than  to  the  north,  or  where  they  have 
been  broken  by  faults.  Of  these'  irregularities  in  the  lay  of  the  rocks  in 
the  coal  basin  of  southern  Illinois,  the  most  important  is  without  doubt 
the  structure  known  as  the  Duquoin  anticline  which  separates  a  relatively 
shallow  portion  from  a  relatively  deep  portion  of  the  basin  along  a  line 
running  north  from  a  point  between  Carbondale  and  Duquoin  to  a  point 
north  of  Centralia.  Across  the  deeper  portion  of  the  basin  which  lies  to 
the  east  of  the  Duquoin  anticline  there  are  at  least  two  important  zones 
of  structural  irregularity,  in  each  of  which  faulting  is  a  conspicuous 
element.  One  zone  extends  northward  between  Marion  and  Herrin  and  is 
encountered  in  mining  operations  northwest  of  Marion,  west  of  Johnston 
City,  at  Orient  and  elsewhere.  The  other  zone  begins  on  the  east  near 
Equality,  Gallatin  County.  It  passes  about  two  miles  north  of  Harris¬ 
burg,  and  continues  slightly  north  of  westward  crossing  the  area  de¬ 
scribed  in  this  report.  Thence  it  passes  about  two  miles  north  of  John¬ 
ston  City  and  possibly  terminates  along  the  Williamson  and  Franklin 
county  line  between  Bush  and  Royalton.  It  is  with  the  e fleet  of  earth 
movements  along  this  latter  fault  zone  within  the  local  area  described  in 
this  report  that  we  are  chiefly  concerned. 

GEOLOGY  OF  THE  LOCAL  AREA 

SURFICIAL  GEOLOGY 

The  local  area  is  a  region  of  moderate  relief  and  the  hills  composed 
of  sandstone  are  dissected  by  streams  commonly  with  flat-floored  valleys 
such  as  characterize  parts  of  the  glaciated  interior  lowlands  of  southern 
Illinois.  A  thin  covering  of  glacial  drift  lies  on  most  of  the  hills,  but  is 
not  universally  distributed.  Above  the  drift  or  upon  the  rock  surface 
where  the  drift  is  absent  there  is  almost  everywhere  a  thin  coating  of 
yellow  silt  or  loess  commonly  two  to  three  feet  in  thickness  and  probably 
of  aeolian  origin.  This  material  is  more  widely  distributed  than  the 


8 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  WILLIAMSON  AND  SALINE  COUNTIES 


drift,  being  found  at  practically  all  levels,  either  as  original  deposit  or  as 
wash,  therefore  generally  obscuring  rock  outcrops.  Here  and  there 
thicker  deposits  of  glacial  drift  fill  depressions  in  the  rock  surface  which 
probably  were  portions  of  the  preglacial  valley  system  that  have  not  yet 
been  cleaned  out  by  the  present  streams. 

BED  ROCK 

Outcrops  of  bed  rock  are  found  for  the  most  part  along  channels  of 
streams  and  in  road  cuts.  Here  and  there  on  hillsides  an  especially  hard 
ledge  of  rock  will  protrude  through  the  thin  covering  of  silt,  loess,  or  till, 
but  the  continuous  tracing  of  any  formation  for  more  than  a  short  dis¬ 
tance,  say  a  quarter  of  a  mile,  is  impracticable.  The  similarity  of  the 
rocks  in  different  stratigraphic  horizons,  together  with  the  discontinuity 
of  outcrop  and  irregularity  in  the  structure,  makes  definite  correlation  of 
outcropping  strata  generally  impossible.  Invaluable  for  purposes  of  cor¬ 
relation  of  outcropping  strata  and  interpretation  of  the  structure  are  the 
records  of  scores'  of  drill  holes  scattered  over  the  area. 

The  Pennsylvanian  rocks  outcropping  in  this  area  are  probably  all 
of  McLeansboro  age,  that  is,  they  belong  to  that  part  of  the  Pennsyl¬ 
vanian  section  above  Xo.  6  coal.  In  one  locality  and  possibly  in  two. 
both  in  the  S.  J4  sec.  35,  T.  8  S.,  R.  4  E.,  there  may  be  exposed  a  few 
feet  of  Carbondale  strata,  including  part  of  XT.  6  coal,  its  underclay,  and 
a  few  feet  of  underlying  rock. 

XTo  attempt  is  made  to  show  on  Plate  I  the  area  underlain  by  the 
various  outcropping  members  of  the  McLeansboro  formation,  because  of 
the  uncertainty  that  attaches  to  the  correlations.  It,  however,  shows  the 
general  distribution  of  outcropping  rocks  in  the  valleys  and  on  the  flanks 
of  some  of  the  hills.  The  various  formations  are  designated  on  the  map 
by  appropriate  patterns,  and  where  the  limestone  is  known  to  contain  a 
fusulinoid  shell,  the  limestone  pattern  is  accompanied  by  the  letter  “F." 
Such  limestones  may  not  everywhere  be  the  same,  but  it  seems  probable 
that  they  occur  in  the  lower  100  feet  of  the  McLeansboro  formation.  The 
form  which  is  rather  abundant  and  the  most  prevalent  in  the  limestones 
of  the  lower  part  of  the  McLeansboro  near  XT.  6  coal  is  commonly 
about  1/10  of  an  inch  in  diameter  and  %  of  an  inch  long,  tapering  to  a 
point  at  both  ends,  the  whole  fossil  having  a  shape  resembling  a  very 
thick  and  short  grain  of  wheat  (fig.  2- A).  It  is  known  as  Gertyina 
ventricosa  (Meek).  As  commonly  seen  in  cross  section  (fig.  2-B)  it 
shows  a  concentric  cellular  structure.  Its  stratigraphic  range  has  not 
been  fully  determined. 

The  section  of  the  McLeansboro  formation  present  and  presumably 
outcropping  in  the  area  is  indicated  in  the  graphic  sections  reproduced 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  WILLIAMSON  AND  SALINE  COUNTIES 


9 


from  several  coal  test  diamond  drill  borings  in  the  area  (Plate  II).  Out¬ 
cropping  strata  probably  include  no  beds  below  No.  6  coal. 

Underlying  the  exposed  rocks  are  the  lower  portions  of  the  Penn¬ 
sylvanian  section,  the  Carbondale  and  Pottsville  formations,  to  a  known 
thickness  in  one  locality  (sec.  8,  T.  9  S.,  R.  5  E.)  of  about  1340  feet.  1  he 
Carbondale  formation  has  a  relatively  small  variation  in  thickness  in 
southern  Illinois,  but  the  extent  to  which  the  thickness  of  the  Pottsville 


A 


B 


Fiji.  2.  Photograph  of  specimens  of  Gertyina  ventricosa. 
A  Enlarged  approximately  twice. 

B.  Cross  section  enlarged  approximately  32  times. 


formation  may  vary  is  unknown  since  only  a  very  few  drill  holes  have 
penetrated  the  formation. 

Beneath  the  Pennsylvanian  strata  are  the  formations  belonging  to 
the  Chester  series  of  the  Mississippian  system,  attaining  a  known  thick¬ 
ness  of  about  900  feet.  Rocks  of  still  deeper  formations  have  not  been 
penetrated  within  the  area  except  for  about  100  feet,  so  that  the  thick¬ 
ness  of  the  sedimentary  strata  above  granite  or  crystalline  rock  is  un¬ 
known  but  probably  amounts  to  many  hundred  feet. 

Structure 

DESCRIPTION  OF  THE  STRUCTURAL  MAP 

In  order  to  clearly  present  the  information  which  is  of  utmost  value 
to  exploratory  work  a  structure  contour  map  has  been  made.  Attention 


10 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  WILLIAMSON  AND  SALINE  COUNTIES 


is  directed  to  the  method  of  portraying-  these  structural  features  on  the 
structural  map,  Plate  I. 

Plate  I  shows  the  position  and  dip  and  strike  of  observed  faults  and 
rock  outcrops,  and  the  location  of  drill  holes  and  mine  shafts.  The  sur¬ 
face  elevation  of  each  boring  and  shaft,  the  depth  and  altitude  of  the 
bottom  of  No.  5  and  No.  6  coals,  and  the  thickness  of  each  bed  where  this 
information  can  be  g-iven  without  violating  confidential  data,  are  given 
in  Table  I,  page  13. 

Plate  III  is  essentially  a  copy  of  part  of  a  familiar  field  map  pre¬ 
pared  by  the  Guarantee  Trust  Company  showing  the  location  and  num¬ 
ber  of  holes  drilled  by  several  companies  in  western  Saline  and  eastern 
Williamson  counties  before  1910.  The  original  map  showed  depth  and 
thickness  of  the  coal,  but  this  information  is  omitted  as  unnecessary  for 
purposes  of  identification  of  the  holes.  In  addition  to  data  on  the  orig¬ 
inal  map,  Plate  III  shows  by  circles  the  location  of  holes  drilled  since 
1910,  and  the  company  number  of  each  hole.  For  some  of  the  borings, 
corrected  locations  were  obtained  in  the  field.  Such  necessary  changes 
are  indicated  by  arrows  pointing  to  the  symbols  representing  revised 
locations. 

Identification  on  Plate  I  of  holes  shown  on  Plate  III  is  readily  made 
by  reference  to  Table  I  where  the  original  company  number  of  each  hole 
is  given  in  column  4  listed  by  township  and  section.  Then  by  reference 
to  column  5,  the  map  number  can  be  found,  by  which  the  hole  can  be 
located  on  Plate  I,  if  direct  identification  from  map  to  map  is  uncertain. 

The  structure  of  the  area  is  delineated  by  red  contour  lines  which 
refer  to  the  altitude  of  the  base  of  No.  5  coal,  relative  to  sea-level  datum. 
The  upper  surface  of  a  coal  bed  is  more  commonly  used  as  a  datum  in 
structure  maps  appearing  in  publications  of  the  Illinois  State  Geological 
Survey,  but  in  this  special  report  it  seems  advisable  to  conform  to  local 
engineering  practice  and  use  the  base  of  the  coal  bed  as  datum. 

Reference  to  Plate  I  reveals  the  undulatory  structure  of  the  No.  5 
coal  ;  it  reaches  an  altitude  of  350  feet  above  sea  level  in  the  NE.  :4  ol 
sec.  1,  T.  9  S.,  R.  4  E.  and  an  altitude  of  25  feet  below  sea  level  in  the 
S.  J4  sec.  24,  T.  8  S.,  R.  5  E.  In  areas  of  outcrop,  the  map  shows  the 
direction  of  dip  by  small  blue  arrows  accompanied  by  figures  denoting 
the  amount  of  dip. 

In  addition  to  being  tilted,  the  strata  are  in  places  displaced  or 
faulted.  Such  faults  are  designated  by  heavy  continuous  or  interrupted 
blue  lines.  Where  the  blue  lines  are  unbroken,  there  is  no  doubt  as  to 
the  existence  and  position  of  the  fault.  Fault  structures  are  exposed 
where  fault  lines  are  shown  crossing  an  area  of  outcropping  rock.  Else¬ 
where  the  fault  lines  are  projected  in  the  general  direction  of  the  trend 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  WILLIAMSON  AND  SALINE  COUNTIES 


11 


of  the  outcrops  of  the  faults  or  are  indicated  where  they  seem  to  be  the 
proper  explanation  for  differences  in  the  elevation  of  the  coal  as  de¬ 
termined  by  drilling. 

METHOD  OF  SHOWING  THE  ALTITUDE  OF  NO.  6  COAL 

Since  exploitation  of  the  coal  on  the  west  side  of  the  area  is  in  No.  6 
(Herrin  or  Blue-band)  coal,  it  is  important  to  show  the  altitude  of  that 
coal  with  reference  to  the  altitude  of  No.  5.  This  is  done  by  the  use  of 
broken  red  lines,  commonly  called  convergent  contours,  which  indicate 
the  vertical  interval  between  the  two  coal  beds,  as  shown  on  Plate  I. 
The  altitude  of  No.  6  coal  at  any  place  may  then  be  obtained  by  adding 
the  amount  of  the  interval  between  the  two  coals  as  indicated  by  the 
convergent  contours  to  the  altitude  of  No.  5  coal  as  indicated  by  the 
structure  contours.  Inspection  of  the  map  shows  that  there  is  a  gradual 
increase  eastward  in  this  interval  to1  about  the  middle  of  the  east  half  of 
the  area  beyond  which  there  is  a  slight  decrease  in  the  interval. 

PRINCIPAL  STRUCTURAL  FEATURES 

The  main  features  of  interest  in  the  structure  are:  (1)  the  Corinth 
fault  which  runs  N.  about  60  degrees  E.  from  the  Williamson-Saline 
county  line;  (2)  the  Brushy  anticline  in  secs.  4,  5,  8  and  9,  Brushy  Town¬ 
ship  (T.  9  S.,  R.  5  E.)  ;  (3)  the  trough  running  parallel  with  and  south 
of  the  Corinth  fault  and  Brushy  anticline;  (4)  Brushy  Creek  fault  run¬ 
ning  about  N.  25  degrees  E.  about  mile  west  of  Bankston  Fork 
Church  (sec.  10,  T.  9  S.,  R.  5  E.)  ;  (5)  Bankston  Fork  fault  crossing  the 
NW.  J4  sec*  12,  Brushy  Township.  This  last  named  structure  is 
possibly  a  continuation  of  the  Harrisburg  fault  which  crosses  secs.  2  and 
3,  and  possibly  secs.  4  and  5,  Harrisburg  Township  (T.  9  S.,  R.  6  E.). 
For  all  these  structures,  except  the  last  one!  mentioned,  surface  evidence 
is  known.  Faulting  across  Bankston  Fork  in  sec.  12,  Brushy  Township, 
is  thought  to  be  the  most  probable  explanation  of  the  differences  in  the 
altitude  of  the  coal  as  shown  on  the  map  in  secs.  1  and  12,  Brushy  Town¬ 
ship,  and  secs.  6  and  7,  Harrisburg  Township,  as  revealed  by  drilling. 
This  interpretation  of  the  structure  was  reached  after  a  study  of  the  drill 
records  in  the  office  at  the  close  of  the  season’s  field  work.  No  outcrops 
were  observed  which  threw  light  on  this  interpretation. 

METHOD  OF  SHOWING  VARIATION  IN  THICKNESS  OF  COAL 

Inasmuch  as  Table  I  includes  figures  showing  the  thickness  of  the 
coals,  relationships  of  additional  interest  but  not  of  a  structural  character 
may  readily  be  indicated.  Thus,  by  drawing  lines  separating  areas  in 


12  STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  WILLIAMSON  AND  SALINE  COUNTIES 

which  the  coals  are  of  different  thickness,  the  variations  in  the  thickness 
of  the  coals  can  be  indicated  (Plate  II-B). 

Inspection  shows  that  there  is  apparently  no  regularity  in  the  varia¬ 
tions  in  the1  thickness  of  No.  6  coal,  whereas  the  variations  in  the  thick¬ 
ness  of  No.  5  coal  are  regular,  the  coal  increasing  in  thickness  from  west 
to  east  to  about  the  middle  of  the  east  half  of  the  area,  east  of  which 
there  is  a  slight  decrease  in  thickness.  It  will  doubtless  be  noted  that 
the  variations  in  the  thickness  of  No.  5  coal  and  the  variations  in  the 
interval  between  No.  5  and  No.  6  coals  as  previously  noted  have  a  similar 
geographic  distribution,  a  similarity  which  holds  not  only  in  this  area 
but  which  has  been  worked  out  for  a  much  larger  area  in  the  Franklin 
and  Williamson  county  fields.3 

3  Cady,  G.  H.,  Coal  Resources  of  District  VI:  Illinois  Mining  Investigations  Bull. 
IS,  pp.  26-36,  1916. 


Table  1 — Location  and  level  data  for  borings  located  on  Plate  I. 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  WILLIAMSON  AND  SALINE  COUNTIES 


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,  Explanatory  footnotes  are  given  at  the  end  of  the  table,  page  21. 


Table  1 — Location  and  level  data  for  borings  located  on  Plate  1 — Continued. 


14 


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.  Explanatory  footnotes  are  given  at  the  end  of  the  table,  page  20. 


Table  1 — Location  and  level  data  for  borings  located  on  Plate  I — Continued. 


16 


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Table  1 — Location  and  level  data  for  borings  located  on  Plate  I — Continued. 


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Table  1 — Location  and  level  data  for  borings  located  on  Plate  I — Concluded. 


20 


STRUCTURE  OF  PARTS  OF  WILLIAMSON  AND  SALINE  COUNTIES 


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REPORT  OF  INVESTIGATIONS  NO.  2,  PLATE  I. 


1 


T. 

8 


S. 


LEGEND 

Scale  In  miles 


(J 


!/4 


v2 


3a 


JMw  Shale 


Sandstone 


Shale  and  sandstone 


Black  shale  and  coal 


Black  shale 


Shale, sandstone, and  coal 


Limestone 


*f[g 


Micaceous  sandstone 


Shale  and  coal 


Siliceous  shale 


Fusulina  limestone 


diaili» 


Shale  .limestone, and  coal 


o 

'X 

X 


•500 


Diamond  drill  hole 

Churn  drill  hole 
Coal  mine 
Quarry 

Surface  contours 


200  Contours  on  base  of  No.  5  coal 


120—— ~  Interval  between  base  of  No.5 
and  base  of  No.  6  coals 


Fault. 

side 


indicates  downthrow 


— - —  Probable  fault 

■  X  */- 


s 


i 


{ f 

•  s 


\ 


\ 


ILLINOIS  STATE  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY. 


REPORT  OF  INVESTIGATIONS  NO.  2,  PLATE  I. 


LEGEND 
Soils  In  inlln 


CSSS* 


Sl'Blo 

Sandstone 

Shulo  and  sandstono 
Ulnuk  shalo  and  ooal 
Black  ahala 

Shulo.  sundstonu,  and  coal 
Llineatona 


rllTlP 


c:C'> 


Miouoooua  sandstono 
Shalo  and  coal 
Slllooous  shale 
I  usullna  llmostono 


.t  i  l  I  '  Shulo. limestone, ond  coal 

•  Diamond  drill  hole 
°  Churn  drill  hole 

V  Coal  mlno 

X  Quarry 

-■  mni  Surluoe  oontours 


200  *  Contours  on  bo  so  of  No  6  coal 

ItO——-*  intorval  bolwoun  bata  ol  No. 6 
and  buee  ol  No  0  coals 

sldo 

Proboblo  luult 


REPORT  OF  INVESTIGATIONS  NO.  2,  PLATE  NO.  II 


10 


Elevation 
in  feet 

600  r 


500 


400 


300 


200 


100  — 


Elevation 
in  feat 


600  r 


500 


ILLINOIS  STATE  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 


REPORT  OF  INVESTIGATIONS  NO.  2,  PLATE  NO.  II 


Elevation 
in  foot 
1  600 


500 


400 


300 


-  200 


too 


Elevation 
In  foot 
1  600 


500 


400 


300 


200 

-  100 

A.  Graphic 


section  of  strata  encountered  in  a  number  of  diamond  drill  borings  in  the  area.  Correlation  limestones  above  No.  6  coal  is  indicated  by  broken  lines 

1,  2  and  3,  as  designated. 


B 


*■"*  \  _ _ y  Thickness  of  No.  5  Coal  In  inches 

/  _  y  Thickness  of  No.  6  Coal  In  inches 

Interval  between  base  of  No  5  and  base  of  No  6  Coals  1°  le«t 


y  —  T nickness  in  excess  of  figure 
(  —  Thickness  less  than  frgure 


Index  map  upon  which  the  thicknesses  of  and  intervals  between 


Nos.  5  and  6  coals  are  indicated. 


Elevatlen 
in  feet 
600  r 


500 


400 


300 


200 


100  - 


Elevation 
In  feet 

600  r 


500 


400 


300 


200  “ 

100 

and  numbers 


jrf7' 7? 
Gr-T- 
-  1 


REPORT  OF  INVESTIGATIONS  NO.  2.  PLATE  NO.  Ill 


R.  5  E. 


ILLINOIS  STATE  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 


REPORT  OF  INVESTIGATIONS  NO.  2.  PLATE  NO.  III. 


®  Drill  holes  of  Peabody  Coal  Co. 

O  Drill  boles  of  Saline  Co.  Coal  Co. 


B  Cham  drill  holes 

O  Diamoud  drill  holes  drilled  since  1910 


Copy  of  field  map  of  Guarantee  Trust  Company  showing  location  of  borings  of  Peabody  Coal  Company  and  Saline  County  Coal  Company  drilled  before  1910  and  location  of  hole*  drilled  since  l^H).  N  'JJ  . ' 

dicated  by  arrows  pointing  to  the  symbols  representing  revised  locations.  The  numbers  accompanying  the  symbols  refer  to  company  numbers  \v  11c  are  iste  in 


locations  of  some  borings  are  in- 


jr>5  773 

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